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Resilience in the Time of Covid-19: Lessons Learned from MENA SMEs
We investigate the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in four non-oil-exporting MENA countries (Jordan, Morocco, Tunisia, and Egypt). Using data from a recen...
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2021 Universal Registration Document
Eighty years after its creation by General de Gaulle on 2 December 1941, the AFD Group continues its relentless quest for impact. It is in this spirit that AFD, guided by the 2030 Agenda of the United...
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Women and Youth labor market outcomes during Covid19: evidence from Egypt and Jordan
In response to the onslaught of Covid-19, many countries introduced lockdowns and social distancing measures of varying stringency, with severe repercussions for labor market participants. Youth and f...
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Resilience in the Time of Covid-19: Lessons Learned from MENA SMEs
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) represent an important socioeconomic pillar that contributes to overall economic activity in many developing countries. The Covid-19 pandemic that emerged in...
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Social Safety Nets and Food Insecurity in the Time of COVID-19: Selected MENA Countries
COVID-19 is testing food and social protection systems in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region at an unprecedented scale. Countries responded by expanding social safety nets (SSNs) and/or di...
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Social Safety Nets and Food Insecurity in MENA in the Time of COVID-19
A total of 52 million people in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) were chronically undernourished in 2019. About eight million more were expected to fall into poverty and be food insecure in the...
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Gender and Mental Health: COVID-19 shock-related factors
At the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, the self-reported mental well-being of women in certain Middle East and North African (MENA) countries was significantly worse compared to that of men. New analys...
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Populations' behavior analysis toward Covid-19 safety measures: Evidence from Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia
This policy brief assesses the COVID-19 safety measures use practices of some MENA populations, namely: Algerian, Moroccan and Tunisian populations. To this end, three waves of data provided by rapid...
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How do international organizations address the articulation between gender and climate?
It is not prior to the 2010s that the gendered aspects of climate action were comprehensively addressed and started to permeate the climate change agenda through the Conferences of Parties. Over the p...
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Mental Health and Gender Inequality in the MENA Region: An Analysis of Shock Related Factors Within the Contex...
This paper investigates the potential associations between factors that affected households during the pandemic (such as food insecurity) and the gendered mental health inequalities in the MENA region...
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Populations' Behavior Toward Covid-19 Safety Measures: Evidence from Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia
The present study aims to analyze the populations’ behavior toward COVID-19 safety measures in each of Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia. In this direction, a particular focus is put on which safety measu...
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Atlantic Ocean - 2021 Activity Report
Beyond the diversity of the territories of the Atlantic Ocean, common issues invite us to think about a regional development of the basin to bring the actors into dialogue, find sustainable solutions...
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Inequalities in Maternal Healthcare Spending: Evidence from Zambia
Public and overall health spending on institutional delivery services are more egalitarian as policies targeting universal maternal care are being rolled out in Zambia. While the distribution of benef...
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Acting together for the Sustainable Use of Water in Agriculture
Pressure on groundwater, particularly by agriculture, is increasing throughout the world. This leads to pumping races from which the poorest farmers are rapidly excluded. This paper presents the solut...
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The role of social housing in reducing inequality in South African cities
Social housing is a powerful tool to integrate divided cities by providing decent rental accommodation for low- and moderate-income working families. It can bring communities together in dense urban a...
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AFD and economic and financial governance
In order to finance their development policies and provide essential services to their population (e.g. healthcare, education, water and sanitation), governments have to manage their financial resourc...
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AFD and Environmental and climate justice
Faced with the environmental and climate emergency, AFD’s Justice Group offers to support its partner countries to strengthen their environmental law and ensuring access for all to justice in environm...
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AFD and capacity building
Nowadays, AFD is no longer simply a «development financier», but rather strives to strengthen its partners in a more structural way. With in-house expertise in capacity building, we support them in th...
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East Africa - 2020-2024 Regional Strategy
Based in Nairobi, the Eastern Africa Regional Office covers eleven countries: Burundi, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan and Tanzania. This regional st...
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Questioning Fishing Access Agreements towards Social and Ecological Health in the Global South
While marine ecosystems play a major role in the regulation of climate and our Planet's ability to cope with climate change, they are also critical for providing food, livelihood, and income to billio...
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